The Cause and Treatment of Runner's Knee

A Common Orthopedic Problem in Runners

May 11, 2009 Kristie Leong

Runner's knee is a common orthopedic problem affecting serious runners. Here's what causes this condition as well as possible treatments.

Running is good therapy for both mind and body, but nothing can take the fun out of running faster than unwanted injuries and orthopedic problems. One of the most frequent problems encountered by serious runners is a condition known as runner’s knee. This relatively common condition is more likely to make its appearance in runners who run frequently or cover long distances. When it occurs, it can significantly detract from the pleasure of the sport.

What are the Causes of Runner’s Knee?

The symptoms of runner’s knee develop when the kneecap doesn’t move properly along its normal track, causing the surrounding cartilage to become inflamed. This can occur for a variety of reasons including weak thigh muscles, improper footwear, and logging too many miles too quickly, among others. When the cartilage becomes inflamed it causes knee tenderness, usually beneath the kneecap, which is worse when walking down stairs or running downhill. The knee may also feel stiff after sitting for prolonged periods of time. Sometimes cracking noises can be heard when the affected knee is moved.

Treatment of Runner’s Knee

Fortunately, runner’s knee is simple to treat in most cases, although other more serious knee injuries need to be ruled out before beginning treatment. Here are some ways to reduce discomfort and allow quicker healing of runner’s knee.

Runner’s Knee Therapy

The first step to promote healing is to decrease the number of miles run by at least thirty percent. This allows the knee to rest so that faster healing can take place. Instead of running on uneven outdoor terrain, it can be helpful to switch over to a treadmill or elliptical machine until the symptoms improve. Downhill runs should be avoided as well as leg squats which can put excessive strain on the knees. Footwear with good arch support and cushioning is important for faster healing and prevention of future knee problems. Sometimes runner’s knee arises from excessive pronation of the feet which can be corrected with appropriate running shoes. Having a professional help with the selection of shoes can ensure that the foot is properly cushioned and supported. In some cases, an orthotic may be needed.

Runner’s knee is frequently caused by weak quadriceps muscle, and strength exercises that focus on these muscles can help to correct the problem. There are a variety of DVD’s designed for quadriceps strengthening available online. These exercises can also help to prevent future problems with runner’s knee when done on a regular basis.

To relieve the discomfort of runner’s knee immediately after running, an ice pack can be applied to the sore knee which helps to reduce inflammation. Anti-inflammatory medications may offer additional benefit.

Runner’s Knee Therapy: What’s the Prognosis?

Most people experience symptom relief after cutting back on running frequency and distance. Strength training for weak thigh muscles and wearing cushioned, supportive footwear is important for ensuring that the problem doesn’t recur. If symptoms persist, professional medical consultation may be needed.

References:

American Family Physician. Vol. 75/No. 2. January 15, 2007

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